Emergency Powers of President


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Emergency Powers of President

Emergency Powers Of The President:

The President can declare three types of emergencies: national, state and financial. When Ambedkar was asked what the emergency meant he said that such a situation which demands immediate action is an emergency.

  • The Constitution mentions 3 types of emergency situations
  •                  (1) National Emergency

                     (2) Failure of Constitutional Machinery in a State (State emergency)

                     (3) Financial Emergency

    1. National Emergency:

    National emergency is caused by war, external aggression or armed rebellion in the whole of India or a part of its territory. Such an emergency was declared in India in 1962 (Indo-China war), 1971 (Indo-Pakistan war), 1975 to 1977 (declared by Indira Gandhi on account of "internal disturbance"). Under Article 352 of the India Constitution, the President can declare such an emergency only on the basis of a written request by the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister. Such a proclamation must be approved by the Parliament within one month. Such an emergency can be imposed for six months. It can be extended by six months by repeated parliamentary approval, up to a maximum of 3 years. The term of the Lok Sabha can be extended by a period of up to one year, but not so as to extend the term of Parliament beyond six months after the end of the declared emergency.

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    Sample Questions
    (More Questions for each concept available in Login)
    Question : 1

    Which of the following are correct :

    (a) Under Article 352, an emergency may be declared for the whole country or for any or some part of the country.

    (b) During such an emergency, the President can take over the entire work of the executive.

    (c) There is no Financial Emergency implemented in India yet.

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    How much time period must be approved by the parliament for the declaration of emergency ?

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    In which of the following article, is it mentioned " Constitutional machinery has failed " ?

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
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